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HMAS Burnie
HMAS ''Burnie'' (J198/B238/A112), named for the port city of Burnie, Tasmania, was one of 60 ''Bathurst''-class corvettes constructed during World War II and one of 20 built for the Admiralty but manned by personnel of and commissioned into the Royal Australian Navy (RAN).
Entering RAN service in April 1941, ''Burnie'' saw action during World War II, and was decommissioned on 5 July 1946. The corvette was sold to the Royal Netherlands Navy (RNN) five days later, was renamed HNLMS ''Ceram'', and remained in service until 1958.
==Design and construction==
(詳細はAustralian Commonwealth Naval Board (ACNB) identified the need for a general purpose 'local defence vessel' capable of both anti-submarine and mine-warfare duties, while easy to construct and operate.〔Stevens, ''The Australian Corvettes'', p. 1〕〔Stevens, ''A Critical Vulnerability'', p. 103〕 The vessel was initially envisaged as having a displacement of approximately 500 tons, a speed of at least , and a range of 〔Stevens, ''A Critical Vulnerability'', pp. 103–4〕 The opportunity to build a prototype in the place of a cancelled Bar-class boom defence vessel saw the proposed design increased to a 680-ton vessel, with a top speed, and a range of , armed with a 4-inch gun, equipped with asdic, and able to fitted with either depth charges or minesweeping equipment depending on the planned operations: although closer in size to a sloop than a local defence vessel, the resulting increased capabilities were accepted due to advantages over British-designed mine warfare and anti-submarine vessels.〔〔Stevens, ''A Critical Vulnerability'', pp. 103–5〕 Construction of the prototype did not go ahead, but the plans were retained.〔Stevens, ''A Critical Vulnerability'', p. 104〕 The need for locally built 'all-rounder' vessels at the start of World War II saw the "Australian Minesweepers" (designated as such to hide their anti-submarine capability, but popularly referred to as "corvettes") approved in September 1939, with 60 constructed during the course of the war: 36 ordered by the RAN, 20 (including ''Burnie'') ordered by the British Admiralty but manned and commissioned as RAN vessels, and 4 for the Royal Indian Navy.〔〔Stevens, ''A Critical Vulnerability'', pp. 105, 148〕〔Donohue, ''From Empire Defence to the Long Haul'', p. 29〕〔Stevens et al., ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 108〕〔
''Burnie'' was laid down by Mort's Dock and Engineering Company in Balmain, New South Wales on 4 June 1940.〔 The corvette was launched on 25 October 1940 by Lady King, wife of the Mort's Dock Chairman of Directors, and was commissioned into the RAN on 15 April 1941.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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